Abstract
1.With increasing numbers of many herbivorous waterfowl species, often foraging on farmland, the conflict with agriculture has intensified. One popular management tool is to scare birds off the land, often in association with shooting. However, the energy costs of flying are considerably higher than those of resting. Therefore, when birds fly off after a disturbance, they use extra energy that subsequently needs to be compensated.
2.We used the white-fronted goose Anser albifrons, the most common (grass-eating) species wintering in western Europe, as a model species. We measured flight durations by high-frequency accelerometer recordings over 2 × 24 h in 9 focal geese that were only incidentally disturbed. We also made direct observations on these days to determine whether the flight durations were reliably recorded. Using both a simple and a more realistic model of the energy balance, we calculated the extra grass consumption resulting from additional intentional disturbances.
3.On average, the geese flew daily 2 × 323 s (from and to their roosting sites at 3200 m), and furthermore took to the air 5.3 times during a day (and 1.9 times a night). Multiplied with the average flight durations of 195 s, this gives a total flying time of almost 0.6 h day-1 and a total foraging time of 7.4 h day-1. The extra foraging time needed to compensate for additional intentional disturbances strongly depends on the frequency of such disturbances and the following flight duration. If, for example, flights when intentionally disturbed are twice as long (2 × 195 s), the extra foraging time will be 3.7% day-1 (2.3–3.2% day-1 in the more realistic model) for each intentional disturbance, and the geese will no longer be able to cover their energy requirements when intentionally disturbed six times per day.
4.Synthesis and applications. Recent experiments suggest that geese have to be scared frequently in order to reduce goose visitation to particular fields. With an intentional disturbance rate e.g. of five times a day, the birds’ compensation for the increased energy expenditure will lead to a higher overall consumption of grass of 11.5–16 % day-1. Accommodation schemes have to take such increases in total grass consumption into account when deciding on the refuge areas to be set aside.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 1413-1421 |
Journal | Journal of Applied Ecology |
Volume | 53 |
Early online date | 16 May 2016 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2016 |
Keywords
- international
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Data from: Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance[tracking data]
Kölzsch, A. (Creator), Müskens, G. J. D. M. (Creator), Nolet, B. A. (Creator) & Wikelski, M. (Creator), Movebank, 2016
DOI: doi:10.5441/001/1.7tp81b7b , https://www.datarepository.movebank.org/handle/10255/move.545
Dataset
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Data from: Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance?[http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n4m05]
Nolet, B. A. (Creator), Kölzsch, A. (Creator), Elderenbosch, M. (Creator) & Van Noordwijk, A. J. (Creator), Dryad, 31 May 2016
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n4m05
Dataset
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Data from: Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance?[10.5441/001/1.7tp81b7b]
Kölzsch, A. (Creator), Müskens, G. J. D. M. (Creator), Nolet, B. A. (Creator) & Wikelski, M. (Creator), Movebank, 2016
DOI: doi:10.5441/001/1.7tp81b7b
Dataset
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Nolet, B. A., Kölzsch, A., Elderenbosch, M., & Van Noordwijk, A. J. (2016). Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance? Journal of Applied Ecology, 53, 1413-1421. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12698
Nolet, B.A. ; Kölzsch, A. ; Elderenbosch, M. et al. / Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance?. In: Journal of Applied Ecology. 2016 ; Vol. 53. pp. 1413-1421.
@article{477adde5a3f14bcf8cf3c34487fbc3c0,
title = "Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance?",
abstract = "1.With increasing numbers of many herbivorous waterfowl species, often foraging on farmland, the conflict with agriculture has intensified. One popular management tool is to scare birds off the land, often in association with shooting. However, the energy costs of flying are considerably higher than those of resting. Therefore, when birds fly off after a disturbance, they use extra energy that subsequently needs to be compensated.2.We used the white-fronted goose Anser albifrons, the most common (grass-eating) species wintering in western Europe, as a model species. We measured flight durations by high-frequency accelerometer recordings over 2 × 24 h in 9 focal geese that were only incidentally disturbed. We also made direct observations on these days to determine whether the flight durations were reliably recorded. Using both a simple and a more realistic model of the energy balance, we calculated the extra grass consumption resulting from additional intentional disturbances.3.On average, the geese flew daily 2 × 323 s (from and to their roosting sites at 3200 m), and furthermore took to the air 5.3 times during a day (and 1.9 times a night). Multiplied with the average flight durations of 195 s, this gives a total flying time of almost 0.6 h day-1 and a total foraging time of 7.4 h day-1. The extra foraging time needed to compensate for additional intentional disturbances strongly depends on the frequency of such disturbances and the following flight duration. If, for example, flights when intentionally disturbed are twice as long (2 × 195 s), the extra foraging time will be 3.7% day-1 (2.3–3.2% day-1 in the more realistic model) for each intentional disturbance, and the geese will no longer be able to cover their energy requirements when intentionally disturbed six times per day.4.Synthesis and applications. Recent experiments suggest that geese have to be scared frequently in order to reduce goose visitation to particular fields. With an intentional disturbance rate e.g. of five times a day, the birds{\textquoteright} compensation for the increased energy expenditure will lead to a higher overall consumption of grass of 11.5–16 % day-1. Accommodation schemes have to take such increases in total grass consumption into account when deciding on the refuge areas to be set aside.",
keywords = "international",
author = "B.A. Nolet and A. K{\"o}lzsch and M. Elderenbosch and {Van Noordwijk}, A.J.",
note = "6071, AnE; Data archiving: data archived at Movebank and at Dryad",
year = "2016",
doi = "10.1111/1365-2664.12698",
language = "English",
volume = "53",
pages = "1413--1421",
journal = "Journal of Applied Ecology",
issn = "0021-8901",
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Nolet, BA, Kölzsch, A, Elderenbosch, M & Van Noordwijk, AJ 2016, 'Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance?', Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 53, pp. 1413-1421. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12698
Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance? / Nolet, B.A.; Kölzsch, A.; Elderenbosch, M. et al.
In: Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 53, 2016, p. 1413-1421.
Research output: Contribution to journal/periodical › Article › Scientific › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance?
AU - Nolet, B.A.
AU - Kölzsch, A.
AU - Elderenbosch, M.
AU - Van Noordwijk, A.J.
N1 - 6071, AnE; Data archiving: data archived at Movebank and at Dryad
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - 1.With increasing numbers of many herbivorous waterfowl species, often foraging on farmland, the conflict with agriculture has intensified. One popular management tool is to scare birds off the land, often in association with shooting. However, the energy costs of flying are considerably higher than those of resting. Therefore, when birds fly off after a disturbance, they use extra energy that subsequently needs to be compensated.2.We used the white-fronted goose Anser albifrons, the most common (grass-eating) species wintering in western Europe, as a model species. We measured flight durations by high-frequency accelerometer recordings over 2 × 24 h in 9 focal geese that were only incidentally disturbed. We also made direct observations on these days to determine whether the flight durations were reliably recorded. Using both a simple and a more realistic model of the energy balance, we calculated the extra grass consumption resulting from additional intentional disturbances.3.On average, the geese flew daily 2 × 323 s (from and to their roosting sites at 3200 m), and furthermore took to the air 5.3 times during a day (and 1.9 times a night). Multiplied with the average flight durations of 195 s, this gives a total flying time of almost 0.6 h day-1 and a total foraging time of 7.4 h day-1. The extra foraging time needed to compensate for additional intentional disturbances strongly depends on the frequency of such disturbances and the following flight duration. If, for example, flights when intentionally disturbed are twice as long (2 × 195 s), the extra foraging time will be 3.7% day-1 (2.3–3.2% day-1 in the more realistic model) for each intentional disturbance, and the geese will no longer be able to cover their energy requirements when intentionally disturbed six times per day.4.Synthesis and applications. Recent experiments suggest that geese have to be scared frequently in order to reduce goose visitation to particular fields. With an intentional disturbance rate e.g. of five times a day, the birds’ compensation for the increased energy expenditure will lead to a higher overall consumption of grass of 11.5–16 % day-1. Accommodation schemes have to take such increases in total grass consumption into account when deciding on the refuge areas to be set aside.
AB - 1.With increasing numbers of many herbivorous waterfowl species, often foraging on farmland, the conflict with agriculture has intensified. One popular management tool is to scare birds off the land, often in association with shooting. However, the energy costs of flying are considerably higher than those of resting. Therefore, when birds fly off after a disturbance, they use extra energy that subsequently needs to be compensated.2.We used the white-fronted goose Anser albifrons, the most common (grass-eating) species wintering in western Europe, as a model species. We measured flight durations by high-frequency accelerometer recordings over 2 × 24 h in 9 focal geese that were only incidentally disturbed. We also made direct observations on these days to determine whether the flight durations were reliably recorded. Using both a simple and a more realistic model of the energy balance, we calculated the extra grass consumption resulting from additional intentional disturbances.3.On average, the geese flew daily 2 × 323 s (from and to their roosting sites at 3200 m), and furthermore took to the air 5.3 times during a day (and 1.9 times a night). Multiplied with the average flight durations of 195 s, this gives a total flying time of almost 0.6 h day-1 and a total foraging time of 7.4 h day-1. The extra foraging time needed to compensate for additional intentional disturbances strongly depends on the frequency of such disturbances and the following flight duration. If, for example, flights when intentionally disturbed are twice as long (2 × 195 s), the extra foraging time will be 3.7% day-1 (2.3–3.2% day-1 in the more realistic model) for each intentional disturbance, and the geese will no longer be able to cover their energy requirements when intentionally disturbed six times per day.4.Synthesis and applications. Recent experiments suggest that geese have to be scared frequently in order to reduce goose visitation to particular fields. With an intentional disturbance rate e.g. of five times a day, the birds’ compensation for the increased energy expenditure will lead to a higher overall consumption of grass of 11.5–16 % day-1. Accommodation schemes have to take such increases in total grass consumption into account when deciding on the refuge areas to be set aside.
KW - international
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.5441/001/1.7tp81b7b
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n4m05
U2 - 10.1111/1365-2664.12698
DO - 10.1111/1365-2664.12698
M3 - Article
SN - 0021-8901
VL - 53
SP - 1413
EP - 1421
JO - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF - Journal of Applied Ecology
ER -
Nolet BA, Kölzsch A, Elderenbosch M, Van Noordwijk AJ. Scaring waterfowl as a management tool: how much more do geese forage after disturbance? Journal of Applied Ecology. 2016;53:1413-1421. Epub 2016 May 16. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12698